Hi, I would like to know if the registers of this type will be useful for the construction of my compiler:

Segment
FPU
MMX
SSE
AVX
AVX-512
Opmask
Bounds

(I would most likely not use segment, debug and control registers, unless you see an interest).

I would use general registers for... general things. But, should I "pay attention" to the use of the ESP, EBP and SP registers (that do not touche for some common actions (mov, add, ...))?

I would also like to know, by the way, how you would advise me to use the FASM variables (data directives). I had thought of using them only as a buffer (when necessary), and perhaps as values sent to a function.

Thank you

AVX and AVX-512 you should use only if option is selected as majority of processors does not supports them. I am not sure if sse4.1 4.2 and ssse3 are supported as well. Safe bet is sse2, I think.

Just study the output of existing compilers. "Intel syntax" will produce something very simular to fasm. Or even better, you can study programs written in assembly, fasm source code for example. I don't know of many programs written in asm, and don't know which of them can be called good.

Segment was used in 16-bit processors for addressing (16 bits wasn't enough to address all memory). It's almost not used in 32-bit, it's only used for Structured Exception Handling on windows, maybe for something else.

FPU you still need for all operations on floating point numbers. It's probably partially "replaced" by SSE, but it probably still provides higher precision, 80-bit floating point numbers.

Bounds registers, I didn't knew those existed. This says https://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/86326/where-are-base-bounds-registers-located that it's something that is used by os, and not by user programs.

All simd instruction sets, MMX SSE SSE2 SSE3 AVX AVX-512, I'll recommend studying at least SSE2. It's more or less guaranteed to present on 32bit cpu, and is guaranteed on 64bit. You may play with AVX as well, but you probably should check cpuid first. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/X86_Assembly

Expecting you to waste tons of time for no much result. This is something a team should be doing.

Thanks for your answers

What do you mean by that?
Otherwise, it's OK, I'll start with the general registers first, and then I'll deal with FPU.
After documentation, I realized that the MMX, AVX, AVX-512 and SSE registers were not recommended. They are for specific use (+ their instructions), and are not compatible with all processors.

I mean writing a compiler is going to be difficult, it probably wouldn't worth the effort. And you need more than one person working on it.

MMX SSE and SSE2 seems to be supported almost everywhere by now.

You're most likely right. But it's worth a try, no ?

Thanks for your help otherwise.

Yes it is. Don't be discouraged. You'll never know if you can do something unless you try.

Obligatory link to Wirth's Compiler Construction.

Don't bother with Bounds registers: they are deprecated even in GCC, and they have some serious exploits/vulnerabilities (which is ironic since they were supposed to improve security).

It's by far the worst extension ever added to the arch -- doing the bound checks in software is faster AND more secure.