Drivers for 98/2000

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LocoDelAssembly
Your code has a bug

Joined: 06 May 2005
Posts: 4624
Location: Argentina

LocoDelAssembly 04 Aug 2006, 02:02

Win98SE/Me supports WDM drivers too. Not sure if Win98 supports WDM but Win98SE for sure.

Regards

04 Aug 2006, 02:02

vid
Verbosity in development

Joined: 05 Sep 2003
Posts: 7105
Location: Slovakia

vid 04 Aug 2006, 05:41

what's difference between KMD and WDM? I thought they are same thing

04 Aug 2006, 05:41

vid
Verbosity in development

Joined: 05 Sep 2003
Posts: 7105
Location: Slovakia

vid 04 Aug 2006, 11:59

also, this could go to examples, it's only PE-native FASM app i have seen

04 Aug 2006, 11:59

okasvi

Joined: 18 Aug 2005
Posts: 382
Location: Finland

okasvi 04 Aug 2006, 12:35

http://board.flatassembler.net/topic.php?t=4941

Smile

04 Aug 2006, 12:35

Tomasz Grysztar

Joined: 16 Jun 2003
Posts: 8351
Location: Kraków, Poland

Tomasz Grysztar 04 Aug 2006, 13:31

The examples section already contains the Win64 drivers package by Feryno.
Well, it still lacks the Win32 drivers package, though

04 Aug 2006, 13:31

Madis731

Joined: 25 Sep 2003
Posts: 2139
Location: Estonia

Madis731 05 Aug 2006, 22:33

Hmm, equates is a nice idea - then you can use them only if you want...I can live with that Very Happy

(actually I'm not even sure if I ever have to use them)

05 Aug 2006, 22:33

comrade

Joined: 16 Jun 2003
Posts: 1150
Location: Russian Federation

comrade 06 Aug 2006, 00:56

vid wrote:

what's difference between KMD and WDM? I thought they are same thing

KMD is a general term used to describe "Kernel Mode Drivers". It applies to any module loaded in kernel-mode.

WDM is Windows Driver Model, and it is a platform for writing device drivers for Windows.

A WDM is a KMD, but a KMD is not necessarily a WDM.

_________________
comrade (comrade64@live.com; http://comrade.ownz.com/)

06 Aug 2006, 00:56

vid
Verbosity in development

Joined: 05 Sep 2003
Posts: 7105
Location: Slovakia

vid 07 Aug 2006, 06:54

comrade: thanks

07 Aug 2006, 06:54

edfed

Joined: 20 Feb 2006
Posts: 4330
Location: Now

edfed 21 Nov 2007, 03:45

simple_hard_question:
;esi=win98 & globally all OSes
;edi=soundblaster audigy & xfi series
mov driver(drv,inf,etc), how_to_do_it?
ret

thanks for positive reply!

21 Nov 2007, 03:45

LocoDelAssembly
Your code has a bug

Joined: 06 May 2005
Posts: 4624
Location: Argentina

LocoDelAssembly 21 Nov 2007, 04:21

http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Matrix:Vendor-Creative_Labs

But seems that you have to wait or contribute by reversing Windows drivers because as stated there, there are no publicly available specs. Well, for many versions of Audigy you can start looking at driver sources, but of the xfi ones you are just out of luck.

21 Nov 2007, 04:21

MoXter

Joined: 29 Apr 2006
Posts: 3

MoXter 03 Dec 2007, 09:36

And what about examples? I want to write a KMD but i dont know how:(
I have examples only for win64...

03 Dec 2007, 09:36

BiMode

Joined: 14 Sep 2007
Posts: 14
Location: Thailand

BiMode 05 Dec 2007, 15:08

edfed: try kX project here [http://kxproject.lugosoft.com/index.php?skip=1]

05 Dec 2007, 15:08

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 11 Nov 2023, 17:57

Tomasz Grysztar wrote:

This is how the import sections should be done to be the same as in the original .sys files you're talking about:

Code:

section '.rdata' readable notpageable

data 12

  ImportLookup:
        dd rva szRead_port_uc
        dd rva szWrite_port_uc
        dd rva szHalmakebeep
        dd 0

end data

section 'INIT' import readable notpageable

        dd rva ImportLookup
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szHal_dll
        dd rva ImportAddress
        times 5 dd 0

  ImportAddress:
        imp_READ_PORT_UCHAR         dd rva szRead_port_uc
        imp_WRITE_PORT_UCHAR        dd rva szWrite_port_uc
        imp_HalMakeBeep             dd rva szHalmakebeep

  szHalmakebeep     dw 0
                    db 'HalMakeBeep',0
  szRead_port_uc    dw 0
                    db 'READ_PORT_UCHAR',0
  szWrite_port_uc   dw 0
                    db 'WRITE_PORT_UCHAR',0

  szHal_dll db 'HAL.dll',0

You can also use "data import" in order to combine those two resources into one section.
With some macros it would be easier to maintain, you can try to modify standard import macros to generate the structures as above.

Hi! I need help.

I have imports from several modules like hal, ntoskrnl etc.

I tried hard, but I can't make it work with several modules.

Could you provide a sample code for several modules, please?

Last edited by 386 on 11 Nov 2023, 21:59; edited 1 time in total

11 Nov 2023, 17:57

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 11 Nov 2023, 21:37

I've made additional researches and found out that reference code doesn't work for me in .flat mode (in PE with only one section), at least on WinXP SP3.

So I swapped dd rva ImportLookup with dd rva ImportAddress and moved imp_ to data 12 directory.

Here is the code which does not hang my system and seems to work fine:

Code:

data 12

   ImportLookup:

   imp_VidDisplayString dd rva szVidDisplayString
                        dd 0

end data

data import

        dd rva ImportAddress 
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szbootvid
        dd rva ImportLookup
        times 5 dd 0

   ImportAddress:
                       dd rva szVidDisplayString
   
   szVidDisplayString  dw 0
                       db 'VidDisplayString',0
   
   szbootvid db 'BOOTVID.dll',0

end data

11 Nov 2023, 21:37

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 12 Nov 2023, 14:25

Today I've opened produced .sys file in CFF Explorer and found some garbage in imports.

So I've made additional changes to the reference code.

I've added dd 0 after dd rva szVidDisplayString (like in data 12 directory).

dw 0 works too, but, I think, only because szVidDisplayString dw 0 is there...

Code:

data 12

   ImportLookup:

   imp_VidDisplayString dd rva szVidDisplayString
                        dd 0

end data

data import

        dd rva ImportAddress 
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szbootvid
        dd rva ImportLookup
        times 5 dd 0

   ImportAddress:
                       dd rva szVidDisplayString
                       dd 0
   
   szVidDisplayString  dw 0
                       db 'VidDisplayString',0
   
   szbootvid db 'BOOTVID.dll',0

end data

Description:	Garbage in imports without 'dd 0' after 'dd rva szVidDisplayString'
Filesize:	5.47 KB
Viewed:	2928 Time(s)

12 Nov 2023, 14:25

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 12 Nov 2023, 15:23

Corrected the previous post.

12 Nov 2023, 15:23

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 13 Nov 2023, 13:06

Need to say that I was very surprised when I swapped ImportAddress with ImportLookup and it started to work properly.

Today I found out that it is so by design: data 12 directory contains Import Address Table (IAT), not an Import Lookup Table (ILT).

So I've made a right thing when I swapped them. But... I swapped them I the wrong place.

It works because Windows doesn't care about the names of the labels. But people do care.

So the final version (I hope) of single-DLL single-function import in flat Kernel Mode Driver (KMD) with only 1 section is:

Code:

data 12

   ImportAddress:

   imp_VidDisplayString dd rva szVidDisplayString
                        dd 0

end data

data import

        dd rva ImportLookup
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szbootvid
        dd rva ImportAddress                    
        times 5 dd 0                          

   ImportLookup:                             
                       dd rva szVidDisplayString
                       dd 0
   
   szVidDisplayString  dw 0
                       db 'VidDisplayString',0
   
   szbootvid db 'BOOTVID.dll',0

end data

13 Nov 2023, 13:06

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 13 Nov 2023, 13:57

And here is single-DLL two functions import:

Code:

data 12

   ImportAddress:

   imp_VidDisplayString dd rva szVidDisplayString
   imp_VidResetDisplay  dd rva szVidResetDisplay
                        dd 0

end data

data import

        dd rva ImportLookup
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szbootvid
        dd rva ImportAddress                    
        times 5 dd 0                          

   ImportLookup:                             
                       dd rva szVidDisplayString
                       dd rva szVidResetDisplay
                       dd 0
   
   szVidDisplayString  dw 0
                       db 'VidDisplayString',0
   szVidResetDisplay   dw 0
                       db 'VidResetDisplay',0
   
   szbootvid db 'BOOTVID.dll',0

end data

13 Nov 2023, 13:57

386

Joined: 11 Nov 2023
Posts: 28
Location: Ukraine (Ruthenia)

386 13 Nov 2023, 14:47

During studying PE-COFF File Format Specification and inspecting original driver from Windows XP SP3, I found that there is no need to put any dd rva szVidDisplayString etc. in Import Lookup Table and these lines could be removed:

Code:

data 12

   ImportAddress:

   imp_VidDisplayString dd rva szVidDisplayString
   imp_VidResetDisplay  dd rva szVidResetDisplay
                        dd 0

end data

data import

        dd rva ImportLookup
        dd 0
        dd 0
        dd rva szbootvid
        dd rva ImportAddress                    
        times 5 dd 0                          

   ImportLookup:                             
   
   szVidDisplayString  dw 0
                       db 'VidDisplayString',0
   szVidResetDisplay   dw 0
                       db 'VidResetDisplay',0
   
   szbootvid db 'BOOTVID.dll',0

end data

13 Nov 2023, 14:47

Feryno

Joined: 23 Mar 2005
Posts: 509
Location: Czech republic, Slovak republic

Feryno 13 Nov 2023, 18:23

A driver is allowed to call only ntoskrnl.exe / hal.dll - OS kernel searches these 2 kernel components, if a driver wants to call anything not present in these 2 components, then the driver is not loaded at all. It looks like VidDisplayString and VidResetDisplay must be then called from ntoskrnl or hal. I looked into these 2 binaries in XP RTM and VidDisplayString + VidResetDisplay are present in ntoskrnl.exe. Hal contains HalDisplayString, InbvDisplayString, InbvResetDisplay.
Could you check with a kernel debugger whether they are called into ntoskrnl and not into bootvid.dll?
If you want your driver to cooperate with any other driver then the only one way is by using _IRP

13 Nov 2023, 18:23

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