flat assembler

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Spool

Joined: 08 Jan 2013
Posts: 151

Spool

[ Post removed by author. ]

Last edited by Spool on 17 Mar 2013, 04:33; edited 1 time in total

27 Jan 2013, 05:00

JohnFound

Joined: 16 Jun 2003
Posts: 3499
Location: Bulgaria

JohnFound

Pass is one processing of the preprocessed source code from the start to the end. FASM makes multiply passes in order to resolve all forward references. Better read the FASM manual for the details.

27 Jan 2013, 07:10

Spool

Joined: 08 Jan 2013
Posts: 151

Spool

[ Post removed by author. ]

Last edited by Spool on 17 Mar 2013, 04:36; edited 1 time in total

27 Jan 2013, 08:38

JohnFound

Joined: 16 Jun 2003
Posts: 3499
Location: Bulgaria

JohnFound

The number of passes can not be easy determined in advance. All the more, that in the different versions of FASM this count can be different.
Here is simple example that compiles for 3 passes, but it is empirically created:

Code:

        jmp     lbl1

        if (lbl1<100) & (flag=0)
         rb 100
        end if

        flag = 1

lbl1:

27 Jan 2013, 09:03

baldr

Joined: 19 Mar 2008
Posts: 1651

baldr

Spool,

Make more forward references.

Code:

VAR equ 1       ; value for last assignment
rept 10 {
forward
  local var     ; generate unique symbol
  VAR equ var   ; push it on «equ» stack
reverse
  restore VAR   ; drop current symbol to acquire previous
  var = VAR     ; make current dependent on previous
}

Essentially it makes dependency chain like var9 = var8; var8 = var7; ... var1 = var0; var0 = 1;. Each pass forwards predicted value up the chain until all constants have correctly predicted values. Beware though that for default predicted value of 0 it takes only two passes to have solution (one to assign and another to check).

Is that swaps macroinstruction a replacement for trivial xchg instruction?

27 Jan 2013, 09:22

Spool

Joined: 08 Jan 2013
Posts: 151

Spool

[ Post removed by author. ]

Last edited by Spool on 17 Mar 2013, 04:36; edited 1 time in total

27 Jan 2013, 09:41

baldr

Joined: 19 Mar 2008
Posts: 1651

baldr

Spool,

Try VAR equ 0 for some surprise. Wink

27 Jan 2013, 10:15

Spool

Joined: 08 Jan 2013
Posts: 151

Spool

[ Post removed by author. ]

Last edited by Spool on 17 Mar 2013, 04:37; edited 1 time in total

27 Jan 2013, 11:30

baldr

Joined: 19 Mar 2008
Posts: 1651

baldr

Spool,

I didn't mean VAR equ 0 alone. What I really meant was

Code:

rept 1'000'000 i {
reverse
  rept 1 j:i-1 \{ var#i = var\#j \}
}
var0 = 0

Result:

Code:

flat assembler  version 1.71.07  (500000 kilobytes memory)
2 passes, 11.3 seconds, 0 bytes.

I had to rewrite example so it wouldn't require enormous amount of time to compile (original example took ~100 seconds for 100k vars). Evidently it wouldn't compile with var0 = 1.

27 Jan 2013, 14:10

Spool

Joined: 08 Jan 2013
Posts: 151

Spool

[ Post removed by author. ]

Last edited by Spool on 17 Mar 2013, 04:37; edited 1 time in total

27 Jan 2013, 22:43

baldr

Joined: 19 Mar 2008
Posts: 1651

baldr

Spool,

Those examples do not generate output, they're just causing compiler to do particular number of passes.

Code:

rept 100 i {
reverse
  rept 1 j:i-1 \{ var#i = var\#j \}
}
var0 = 1

Compilation:

Code:

>fasm multipass.fasm
flat assembler  version 1.71.07  (1890955 kilobytes memory)
error: code cannot be generated.

>fasm multipass.fasm -p 101
flat assembler  version 1.71.07  (1886339 kilobytes memory)
101 passes, 0 bytes.

27 Jan 2013, 23:00

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