;this proggy mainly shows the next char in 1 second after you typed
;i hate to see characters "being typed" while im not touching the keyboard
;so i added a buffer flush code
;i hope it would help someone

;equates are stolen from asmutils include files (os_linux.inc)
;some of them also can be found at www.lxhp.in-berlin.de/lhpioctl.html
;but they are well hidden so try searching the document for "termios"

;i came across this info after examining "snake" proggie in asmutils.
;here the keyword is "non-canonical". after googling for "canonical tty"
;i found this addr http://ou800doc.caldera.com/en/SDK_sysprog/_TTY_in_Canonical_Mode.html
;check out the link topright says "terminal device control" you should see
;a lot of good docs here

;also check out http://ou800doc.caldera.com/en/man/html.7/termio.7.html
;for better explanations for termios

;hold down the key to see what happens. ESC to quit.

;i apologize for my poor programming skills but i mainly tried to
;write more understandable code for newbies like me


format ELF executable

entry start

TCGETS    equ 0x5401
TCSETS    equ 0x5402
TCFLSH    equ 0x540b
          TCIOFLUSH equ 2          ;flush both input output
          TCOFLUSH  equ 1          ;flush output
          TCIFLUSH  equ 0          ;flush input
ICANON    equ 2
ECHO      equ 8
STDIN     equ 0
STDOUT    equ 1
SYS_NANOSLEEP equ 162
SYS_IOCTL equ 54
SYS_READ  equ 3
SYS_WRITE equ 4
SYS_EXIT  equ 1

section readable writeable
start:

call begingetkey         ;enter non-canonical mode
                         ;close local echo
mainloop:
mov ebx,timer            ;wait a little to fill keyboard buffer
mov ecx,timer2           ;simulate a time consuming process
mov eax,SYS_NANOSLEEP
int 0x80

mov ebx,STDIN
mov ecx,key
mov edx,1
mov eax,SYS_READ
int 0x80
push eax                 ;number of read bytes

mov ebx,STDIN            ;flush extra chars written to the
mov ecx,TCFLSH           ;buffer while we hold down the key
mov edx,TCIOFLUSH        ;in fact i dont know how it really effects
mov eax,SYS_IOCTL        ;but i prefer to flush both buffers
int 0x80                 ;it seems ok for this code

pop eax
test eax,eax             ;read anything?
jz mainloop

cmp byte [key],0x1b      ;ESC key quit
jz quitloop
inc byte [key]           ;just to see WE are echoing
                         ;show next char
mov ebx,STDOUT
mov ecx,key
mov edx,1
mov eax,SYS_WRITE
int 0x80

jmp mainloop

quitloop:

call endgetkey           ;restore previous state and quit

mov eax,ebx
mov eax,SYS_EXIT
int 0x80


begingetkey:
        mov ebx,STDIN             ;get old state here
        mov ecx,TCGETS
        mov edx,old_termios
        mov eax,SYS_IOCTL
        int 0x80

        mov ecx,19                ;and make a copy
        mov esi,old_termios
        mov edi,new_termios
        rep movsb

        and [new_termios.c_lflag],dword not(ICANON or ECHO)   ;turn off echo
        mov byte [new_termios.VMIN],0                    ;turn off canonical mode
        mov byte [new_termios.VTIME],0                   ;we dont want to wait for keystrokes

        mov ebx,STDIN
        mov ecx,TCSETS
        mov edx,new_termios
        mov eax,SYS_IOCTL
        int 0x80
        ret

endgetkey:                                                 ;clean up
        mov ebx,STDIN
        mov ecx,TCSETS
        mov edx,old_termios
        mov eax,SYS_IOCTL
        int 0x80
        ret

timer:               ;timespec structure
        dd 1         ;seconds
        dd 0         ;nanoseconds
timer2:
        dd 1
        dd 0

old_termios:         ;termios structure NOT termio
.c_iflag:
          rd 1
.c_oflag:
          rd 1
.c_cflag:
          rd 1
.c_lflag:
          rd 1
;.c_cc
       rb 4
       .VMIN:
               rb 1
       .VTIME:
               rb 1
       rb 13
new_termios:
.c_iflag:
          rd 1
.c_oflag:
          rd 1
.c_cflag:
          rd 1
.c_lflag:
          rd 1
;.c_cc
       .VINTR:
               rb 1
       .VQUIT:
               rb 1
       .VERASE:
               rb 1
       .VKILL:
               rb 1
       .VEOF:
               rb 1
       .VMIN:          ;in canonical mode VEOL
               rb 1
       .VTIME:         ;in canonical mode VEOL2
               rb 1
       .VSWTCH:
               rb 1
       .VSTRT:
               rb 1
       .VSTOP:
               rb 1
       .VSUSP:
               rb 1
       .VDSUSP:
               rb 1
       .VREPRINT:
               rb 1
       .VDISCARD:
               rb 1
       .VWERASE:
               rb 1
       .VLNEXT:
               rb 1
               rb 3       ;reserved
key:
           rb 1