Hi, I'm writing real mode operating system like that in VGA 640x480x16 draw the window, and graphical cursor?

PS. Desirable means of BIOS

Believe me - you don't want to mess with 16 colors modes.
Better check VESA modes at minimum 256 colors.

About GUI - it is a long story. You have to make first some hardware layer - drivers for mouse, keyboard and video, that to allow at least minimal functionality.

Also, writing code - think about the future - real mode is simply compatibility mode of the modern processors. The native mode is protected mode and it is not so complex, as you can think.

Regards.

For example kolibriOS or even Windows NT supports VGA 640x480x16 ... Well for example in sheltered how to do this GUI

but without VESA ... only pure VGA, well, and color and are not as important enough 16 colors

I'm in the middle of doing some sprite and blitter stuff for a game. Some good stuff here (not mine): http://www.nondot.org/sabre/graphpro/ it's mode 13, but it's clear what every thing does and should be easy to convert over. It's not a true blitter or sprite, in that you need to double buffer and keep an 'undamaged' copy of the background some where in memory.

The main problem with any thing less then 256 colors (except text modes) is that each 8 bit byte is more then one dot on the screen, so your SetPixel / PutPixel has to read the graphics card memory, change only the part of the byte that needs to be changed and then write the new byte to the video memory. It's just more work and slower.

I miss the Amiga with hardware sprites and a hardware blitter

What are the functions of the BIOS draw Window? ah = 09H, 0aH, 13H int 10h? or another? show an example please. And how to display a graphical mouse cursor?

BIOS does not provide window drawing functions, mouse cursors and graphical functions at all.
You have to do it yourself (by hand, manually, in your own code).
The other solution is to use some third party graphic library.

P.S. AFAIK, there are PutPixel and GetPixel, but the BIOS implementation is very, very slow. And you actually don't need pixel functions at all.

Regards

And if no BIOS then it should be directly into video memory to draw?

Are there any lessons to create a GUI in VGA or VESA? but only in real mode

yes, thats good question, I found this
http://forum.osdev.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=6988
there a few links on page, (I willcheck those out too)

just look the magic instructions there, for 1 bit per pixel only.


for 4 bits per pixels, use 4 of them, to set the corresponding color.
then no need to read the video memory.
but needs at least 4 instrucitons, or a simple 4 times loop for pixel write

Are there any more tutorials for creating GUI or sources with a simple GUI?

You can check some of the many assembly OSes out there:

MenuetOS
Menuet fork - KolibriOS
DexOS
SolarOS

Most of them are open source, except MenuetOS64, so you can download the sources.

Regards

I can not understand how to draw a window just does not know where to start! Please show example how general can be to draw a window

to draw a window, you need to draw the elements of the window.
a window is not an atom, it is an assembly of many elementary shapes.

rectangle, frames, pictures, some lines, some text, some things and others.

and all share a common data, the coordinates and color properties.

that's a window.

I wrote this code but I do not think that this is a GUI looks like:

but it is a bios interrupts

click on my www to see what can be behind a gui in real mode.

or click here.
because apparentlly, this server works only the night.

http://board.flatassembler.net/topic.php?t=8645

If you chose vesa in realmode you need to use bank switching, here is a example:
http://board.flatassembler.net/topic.php?t=10857

Thanks...