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b1528932



Joined: 21 May 2010
Posts: 287
b1528932 11 Mar 2011, 20:06
When cpu wants to read or write data to memory, how is it happening?
I know 2 lines exists, address line and data line.
Does CPU first send address of accessed memory on address line, and then reads data to get its contents?
Same as in write, but other pair of lines used?
I need to understand it in general.
Post 11 Mar 2011, 20:06
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edfed



Joined: 20 Feb 2006
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edfed 11 Mar 2011, 20:38
the lines you are speaking about are BUSes

there are 3 BUSes out of a CPU (every CPU in the Von neumann architecture).
DATA bus ;64 wires
Adress bus ;depend on implementation, mainly 32-3 bits (4Gbytes), and in IA32-64, mainly 64Gbytes.
Control bus ;depend on implementation

adress bus is emitted by CPU, and just gives the signal of WHAT adress in RAM to act on.
data bus is controled by CPU and (theorically) RAM
control bus is controled by CPU, peripherals and others things. used to say, read, write, I/Oports, irq, etc...
Post 11 Mar 2011, 20:38
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neville



Joined: 13 Jul 2008
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neville 11 Mar 2011, 20:57
You should google "CPU Architecture" for more info.
This diagram illustrates edfed's response but for an 8-bit CPU with only an 8-bit address bus too, so it could only support 2^8 = 256 bytes of RAM and also 256 I/O ports.
One of the control bus lines is RW Read/Write which sets the direction of the bidirectional data bus buffers, either into (Read) or out of (Write) the CPU.
Another control line on Intel CPU's is IO/M which selects IO port buffers or RAM. CPU's with pure memory-mapped I/O architectures don't have this.


Description: Simplified 8-bit CPU Architecture
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cpuarchitecture.PNG



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Post 11 Mar 2011, 20:57
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revolution
When all else fails, read the source


Joined: 24 Aug 2004
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revolution 24 Mar 2011, 02:24
Note that later CPU interconnect architectures are much more complex. The traditional parallel buses (as shown above) are becoming less common and in some systems have been completely replaced by new types. So, check your system hardware first before assuming you have such a bus.
Post 24 Mar 2011, 02:24
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