Most lini today are running in 64-bit mode. I've done it before somehow and have a ton of fasm code...

I cannot link the object file:

Code:

/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `fasm.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

How is this done? Searching yields ridiculous advice about using qemu and bochs, installing a 32-bit linux in virtualbox etc. I know that 32-bit executables run on 64-bit linux, and that there is a way to link it somehow...

Help![/code]

Set your linker to output a 32-bit executable.

tried:

Quote:

gcc -m32 fasm.o -o fasm /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/libgcc_s.so when searching for -lgcc_s /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

You need to install the 32-bit libraries. Check with your OS documentation for how to do that. It's probably something like glibc-devel.i386

I've been trying. I am using Xubuntu 14.04. ia32-libs used to do it, I think, but it was phased out. libc6-i386 has been installed, also multilib support for gcc and g++ (I have 5.3).

lnterestingly,

Code:

gcc -m32 -L/usr/lib32/ fasm.o  -o fasm /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/libgcc_s.so when searching for -lgcc_s /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Still searches the 64-bit libs, in spite of -L/usr/lib32/

It must be something really dumb...

Perhaps using LD directly (without going through GCC) will help?

Another failed attempt:

Code:

ld -m elf_i386 fasm.o /usr/lib32/libgcc_s.so.1 -o fasm  ld: fasm.o: undefined reference to symbol 'exit@@GLIBC_2.0' //lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line .

Do you know what libraries I should link against - it appears I have to manually list them (similar discussion found elsewhere here in Unix messages.

Code:

ld -m elf_i386 fasm.o /usr/lib32/libgcc_s.so.1 /usr/lib32/crtn.o /usr/lib32/crt1.o /usr/lib32/crti.o /usr/lib32/libc.so  -L/usr/lib32  -o fasm

This actually links, but the executable is wacky:

Code:

./fasm  bash: ./fasm: No such file or directory

even though the file is there...

[/quote][/code]

Have you marked it as executable? I'm not sure if LD does this automatically or not.

It's executable:

Code:

stacksmith@eli:~/src/fasm$ ls -al total 548 drwxrwxr-x  5 stacksmith stacksmith   4096 Jun 15 00:06 . drwxrwxr-x 29 stacksmith stacksmith   4096 Jun 14 19:26 .. drwxrwxr-x  3 stacksmith stacksmith   4096 Jun  9 04:57 examples -rwxrwxr-x  1 stacksmith stacksmith 109393 Jun 15 00:06 fasm -rw-rw-r--  1 stacksmith stacksmith 134138 Jun  9 04:53 fasm.o -rw-rw-r--  1 stacksmith stacksmith 265836 Jun  9 04:57 fasm.txt -rw-rw-r--  1 stacksmith stacksmith   1783 Jun  9 04:57 license.txt -rw-rw-r--  1 stacksmith stacksmith    260 Jun  9 04:57 readme.txt drwxrwxr-x  6 stacksmith stacksmith   4096 Jun  9 02:59 source drwxrwxr-x  5 stacksmith stacksmith   4096 Jun  9 04:57 tools -rw-rw-r--  1 stacksmith stacksmith  19411 Jun  9 04:57 whatsnew.txt stacksmith@eli:~/src/fasm$ ./fasm bash: ./fasm: No such file or directory

Also,

Code:

stacksmith@eli:~/src/fasm$ objdump fasm -x fasm:     file format elf32-i386 fasm architecture: i386, flags 0x00000112: EXEC_P, HAS_SYMS, D_PAGED start address 0x08048560

I think I may be linking against wrong libraries, or in the wrong order or something like that... Any ideas?

stacksmith wrote:

I think I may be linking against wrong libraries, or in the wrong order or something like that... Any ideas?

Does the plain ELF executable version of fasm (the one that does not need any libraries) run on your system? If not, you probably have the execution of 32-bit programs disabled in the kernel.

I've used the same system with older versions of fasm a year ago. The new distribution of fasm does not seem to have an executable (to my surprise) and the instructions suggest just linking the fasm.o with gcc.

I vaguely remember going through a similar exercise a few years back. I should've kept notes.. Not that it would've helped - the 32-bit compatibility libraries have been changed. I've used fasm for many years without issues.

On the other hand, my system is not at all remarkable - a 64-bit ubuntu with up-to-date gcc. I can't believe others haven't come acrosss this.

Perhaps someone could statically link fasm on Ubuntu and post a binary... As a command-line tool, it does not use strange libraries, and should run on at least debian systems.

I am at a bit of a loss (will investigate deeper today).

Just when I started feeling good about the state of linux and fasm (deleting expletives and disparaging thoughts...)

Thanks for your help.

stacksmith wrote:

The new distribution of fasm does not seem to have an executable (to my surprise) and the instructions suggest just linking the fasm.o with gcc.

These are two different packages, and both are available with every release on the Download page. You can find the Linux executable in fasm-1.71.54.tgz, while fasm-1.71.54.tar.gz contains only the object file that has to be linked with 32-bit C library (the purpose of this package is to provide a version of fasm for Unix-like systems other than Linux).

Looks like I goofed somehow. Thanks.